idealism

idealism
   Idealism about something in philosophy is the doctrine that it is 'ideal', that is, mind-dependent. There are three main forms of idealism: (1) subjective idealism, which holds that what we think of as physical things exist only because they are perceived by minds; (2) transcendental idealism, which holds that physical things have the properties they do because of the way in which our minds conceptualise them; and (3) absolute idealism, which holds that behind the physical world of appearances lies the Absolute. Berkeley is a representative of (1); Kant of (2); and Hegel and Bradley of (3). Each of (1)-(3) has been combined with Christianity, but most Christian philosophers have turned against both idealism and materialism. (In addition, there is a somewhat rarer form of idealism in which everything apart from God is held to be an idea in the mind of God; Jonathan Edwards held something close to this.)
   Further reading: Berkeley 1948-57; Edwards, Jonathan 1974; Ewing 1961; Hegel 1968-; Kant 1992-; Vesey 1982

Christian Philosophy . . 2015.

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  • Idealism — I*de al*ism, n. [Cf. F. id[ e]alisme.] 1. The quality or state of being ideal. [1913 Webster] 2. Conception of the ideal; imagery. [1913 Webster] 3. (Philos.) The system or theory that denies the existence of material bodies, and teaches that we… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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